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Chapter 4
Chapter Test
Chapter Test
Read the questions carefully and choose the best answer.
This activity contains 26 questions.
A mechanical weathering process characterized by splitting off large slab-like sheets of rock often results in
exfoliation domes
karst
cracked sidewalks
slumps
all of the above
Breaking of rock or fragmentation is part of
the hydrologic cycle
chemical weathering
mechanical weathering
rock transformation
all of the above
The energy for external processes comes primarily from
erosion
Earth's interior
the Sun
Jupiter
weathering
The key terms "weathering" and "erosion" are interchangeable.
True
False
The rate of weathering depends on atmospheric conditions.
True
False
Important metals and elements can be concentrated into ore deposits through the process of weathering.
True
False
The incorporation and transportation of rock material by mobile agents best describes
erosion
eluviation
weathering
solifluction
mass wasting
Which of the following processes contribute(s) to the breakdown of rock material?
weathering
erosion
mass wasting
a and c
all of the above
After a series of freezing and thawing events, rock may be broken into pieces in a process called
root wedging
thaw effect
hydrolysis
frost wedging
unloading
The chemical weathering of _________ minerals produces clay minerals.
oxide
sulfide
feldspar
quartz
carbonate
The most important agent of chemical weathering is
gravity
air
erosion
water
soil
In Bowen's Reaction Series, the minerals that form last are the most susceptible to chemical weathering.
True
False
Mechanical weathering _________ the amount of surface area available for chemical weathering.
increases (as rocks are broken into smaller pieces)
decreases (as rocks are broken into smaller pieces)
The surface area stays the same because mechanical and chemical weathering are separate processes.
Which of the following materials is most likely to readily dissolve in a weakly acidic solution?
quartzite
granite
basalt
marble
sandstone
Which of the following statements is
not
true about mechanical weathering?
breaks rock material into smaller pieces
changes chemical composition of rock
creates new compounds
Answers a and b are correct.
Answers b and c are correct.
all of the above
In general, the greater the slope the thicker the soil.
True
False
The most influential control of soil formation is
time
plants and animals
parent material
climate
slope orientation
In a well-developed soil profile the ____________ horizon is the topmost layer.
B
E
O
C
A
Lunar regolith is one of the 12 soil orders found in the soil taxonomy system.
True
False
Slope orientation affects the amount of sunlight and the extent of soil formation.
True
False
Soils often contain variations and vertical differences observed as general zones or layers called
loams
horizons
residuals
vertisols
peds
Removing vegetation can increase the rate of soil erosion.
True
False
Identify each of the following forms of mass wasting by selecting the appropriate diagram.
(Mass wasting diagram, Copyright © Prentice Hall, Inc.)
This question presents 4 items numbered 23.1 through 23.4. Each item is presented with a pulldown menu containing the letters A through D.
For each item below, use the pull-down menu to select the letter that labels the correct part of the image.
23.1 Rockslide
A
B
C
D
23.2 Slump
A
B
C
D
23.3 Earthflow
A
B
C
D
23.4 Debris flow
A
B
C
D
Rocks with inclined surfaces of weakness are most likely to experience which type of mass wasting?
landslide
slumps
regolith
rockslides
all of the above
The accumulation of rock fragments found at the base of many cliffs is referred to as the
lahar
earthflow
transported residue
base horizon
talus slope
The process responsible for moving material downslope without the direct aid of running water, wind, or ice is
eluviation
erosion
laterization
mass wasting
weathering
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