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Key Concepts PowerPoint

Chapter 1
Chemistry: Matter and Measurement

  
01-01
Title
 Elemental composition of the earth and the human body
Caption
 Relative abundance of the major constituents of the earth's crust and the human body. In both cases, oxygen is the most abundant element.
Notes
 Elemental composition of the earth and the human body
Keywords
 elements, composition, abundance
01-021
Title
 The modern periodic table
Caption
 The periodic table of the elements is organized into 18 groups and 7 periods. Elements are represented by one-or two-letter symbols and are arranged according to atomic number.
Notes
 The modern periodic table
Keywords
 periodic table, elements
01-02-02UN
Title
 Alkali metals
Caption
 One of the eight main groups of elements, Group 1A is known as the alkali metals group. Elements in this group are highly reactive and form alkaline (basic) solutions with water.
Notes
 The alkali metals: lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium
Keywords
 alkali metals, elements
01-02-04UN
Title
 Alkaline earth metals
Caption
 One of the eight main groups of elements, Group 2A is known as the alkaline earth metal group. Elements in this group also form alkaline (basic) solutions with water but are less reactive than the Group 1A metals.
Notes
 The alkaline earth metals: beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium
Keywords
 alkaline earth, elements
01-02-06UN
Title
 Halogens
Caption
 One of the eight main groups of elements, Group 7A is known as the halogens group. Elements in this group form salts with metals.
Notes
 The halogens: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine
Keywords
 halogen, elements
01-02-08UN
Title
 Noble gases
Caption
 One of the eight main groups of elements, Group 8A is known as the noble gas group. Elements in this family have such a low reactivity that they were formerly known as the inert gases.
Notes
 The noble gases: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon
Keywords
 noble gases, elements
01-02-10UN
Title
 Metal elements
Caption
 The majority of the elements in the periodic table are metals of varying degrees of reactivity.
Notes
 The metallic elements of the periodic table
Keywords
 metals, elements, periodic table
01-02-12UN
Title
 Nonmetal elements
Caption
 With the exception of hydrogen, nonmetal elements are found on the right side of the periodic table.
Notes
 The nonmetallic elements of the periodic table
Keywords
 nonmetals, elements, periodic table
01-02-14UN
Title
 Semimetal elements
Caption
 At the zigzag boundary between the metals and nonmetals, there are elements whose properties are intermediate between metals and nonmetals. These elements are known as the semimetals, or metalloids.
Notes
 The semimetals (or metalloids) of the periodic table
Keywords
 semimetals, metalloid, elements
01-02-16P1.4UN
Title
 Key Concept Problem 1.4
Caption
 Use a periodic table to identify the three coinage metals.
Notes
 Key Concept Problem 1.4
Keywords
 key concept, elements
01-04
Title
 Temperature scale comparison
Caption
 Figure 1.4 A comparison of the Kelvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit temperature scales. One Fahrenheit degree is 5/9 the size of a kelvin or Celsius degree.
Notes
 The equation relating Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures obeys the equation of a straight line.
Keywords
 temperature
01-05
Title
 Relationship between length and volume
Caption
 Figure 1.5 A cubic meter is the volume of a cube 1 meter along each edge. Each cubic meter contains 1000 cubic decimeters (liters), and each cubic decimeter contains 1000 cubic centimeters (milliliters).
Notes
 Length and volume
Keywords
 volume
01-07
Title
 Temperature dependence of density
Caption
 Figure 1.7 The density of water at different temperatures. Density reaches a maximum value of 1.000 g/mL at 3.98°C.
Notes
 Dependence of density on temperature
Keywords
 density, water, temperature
01-07-05UN
Title
 Significant figures
Caption
 In multiplication/division calculations, the number of significant figures in the answer cannot be greater than the number of significant figures in the original numbers.
Notes
 Significant figures in multiplication/division calculations
Keywords
 significant figures, multiplication, division
01-07-06UN
Title
 Significant figures
Caption
 In addition/subtraction problems, the answer cannot represent more 'certainty' than any of the original numbers.
Notes
 Significant figures in addition/subtraction calculations
Keywords
 significant figures, addition, subtraction
01-07-07UNKCP1.15
Title
 Key Concept Problem 1.15
Caption
 What is the temperature reading of the thermometer and how many significant figures are allowed for this reading?
Notes
 Key Concept Problem 1.15
Keywords
 key concept, temperature
01-07-09UN
Title
 Conversion factors
Caption
 Conversion factors can be viewed as a ratio of equivalent quantities.
Notes
 Conversion factors in dimensional-analysis method
Keywords
 conversion factors
01-07-10UN
Title
 Dimensional analysis
Caption
 Conversion factors can be inverted for use in a dimensional analysis method calculation in order to convert one unit quantity into another while 'canceling out' the original dimensional unit.
Notes
 Dimensional-analysis method
Keywords
 conversion factors, dimensional analysis
01-07-11.1UN
Title
 Key Concept Summary
Caption
 Matter and measurement key concept summary.
Notes
 Key Concept Summary for Chapter 1
Keywords
 summary
01-07-14UNPr1.21
Title
 Periodic table template
Caption
 Identify the different categories of elements in the periodic table.
Notes
 Periodic table template for use with Key Concept Problems 1.20 and 1.21
Keywords
 periodic table
01-07-15UNPr1.22
Title
 Key Concept Problem 1.22
Caption
 Identify and characterize the elements indicated by the green, blue, and red squares.
Notes
 Key Concept Problem 1.22
Keywords
 elements
01-07-16UNPr1.23
Title
 Key Concept Problem 1.23
Caption
 Identify and characterize the radioactive element indicated by the red square.
Notes
 Key Concept Problem 1.23
Keywords
 elements
01-07-17UNPr1.24
Title
 Key Concept Problem 1.24
Caption
 Accuracy versus precision.
Notes
 Key Concept Problem 1.24
Keywords
 accuracy, precision
01-07-18UNPr1.25
Title
 Key Concept Problem 1.25
Caption
 Determine the volume of liquid in the cylinder and the length of paper clip, and how many significant figures each measurement possesses.
Notes
 Key Concept Problem 1.25
Keywords
 volume, length, measurement, significant figures
01-07-19UNPr1.26
Title
 Accuracy and precision in volume measurement
Caption
 Related to Key Concept Problem 1.26.
Notes
 Key Concept Problem 1.26
Keywords
 volume, measurement, accuracy, precision
01-07-20UN
Title
 Key Concept Problem 1.27
Caption
 Given three liquids in a graduated cylinder: water, oil, and mercury; identify each liquid in the cylinder according the liquids' densities.
Notes
 Key Concept Problem 1.27
Keywords
 density
01-TB01
Title
 Table 1.1 Names and Symbols of Some Common Elements
Caption
Notes
Keywords
01-TB02
Title
 Table 1.2 Some Examples of Physical and Chemical Properties
Caption
Notes
Keywords
01-TB03
Title
 Table 1.3 The Seven Fundamental SI Units of Measure
Caption
Notes
Keywords
01-TB04
Title
 Table 1.4 Some Prefixes for Multiples of SI Units
Caption
Notes
Keywords
01-TB05
Title
 Table 1.5 Some Derived Quantities
Caption
Notes
Keywords
01-TB06
Title
 Table 1.6 Densities of Some Common Materials
Caption
Notes
Keywords
01-TB06.01UN
Title
 Measurement # Bathroom Scale Lab Balance Analytical Balance
Caption
 Measurement # Bathroom Scale Lab Balance Analytical Balance
Notes
Keywords
01-TB07
Title
 Table 1.7 Some LD50 Values
Caption
Notes
Keywords
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