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Using Proper Citation FormatYour instructor is likely to require you to use a specific style manual. If not, choose a style manual that is appropriate for the discipline in which you're writing. Your college and public libraries are likely to have copies available for each of the style manuals discussed below. Pearson Education's Content Select Research Database provides an excellent guide to the MLA, APA, CMS, and CBE style guides, and can be accessed for free at: http://contentselect.pearsoned.com/ MLA In the humanities, high school and college undergraduate writers typically rely on the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 5th edition (1999) by Joseph Gibaldi. The Modern Language Association (MLA) does not publish their manual on line, although they do provide updates at their site, which can be accessed through their website at: Many colleges provide templates for MLA format. An excellent choice is from Purdue University's Online Writing Lab (OWL) which is located at: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_mla.html Click here for an example of a MLA Works Cited page. APA The American Psychological Association (APA) style guide, used widely in the social sciences, is titled The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 5th edition (2001). To obtain your own copy of the manual will require you to purchase one, but updates are available for free through their website, which is at: For an online guide to APA formatting, visit Purdue's APA template which can be found at: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_apa.html Click here for an example of an APA References Page. CMS The Chicago Manual of Style (CMS), 14th edition (1993), is preferred by writers in the humanities (except for literature) who prefer to use footnotes or endnotes rather than names and dates embedded in the document. This manual is available through the University of Chicago Press website and includes updates and answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs): http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/cmosfaq/cmosfaq.html The University of Wisconsin-Madison has an excellent online handbook for helping a writer use the CMS note-style format for papers: http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/DocChicago.html Click here for examples of CMS Endnotes, Footnotes, and Bibliography. CBE and Science Field Style Manuals Writers in the natural sciences (physics, chemistry, biology) applied sciences (technology), and mathematics, tend to use specialized style manuals designed to accommodate the particular needs of their respective disciplines. A general scientific style guide that is widely referred to is Scientific Style and Format: The CBE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers, 6th edition (1994). The organization that prepared this guide, formerly named the Council of Biology Editors, is currently identified as The Council of Science Editors. The website from which their manual can be purchased is: http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/pubs_ssf.shtml The University of Wisconsin-Madison for CBE style can be accessed at: http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/DocCBE6.html For a detailed list of style guides in other specific scientific disciplines, refer to Claremont College's library page titled, "Guide to a scientific writing style," located at: http://voxlibris.claremont.edu/research/lrs/science_cit.htm#style Click here for an examle of CBE References.
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