Chapter 15 examines the creative approach to using Other Three-dimensional Media, including ceramics, glass, fiber, and wood. As in previous chapters, the artists discussed in Chapter 15 have explored traditional processes, as well as newer, non-traditional approaches.

After reading this chapter you should:

1. know the definitions of key terms associated with three-dimensional media including:
   • ceramics
   • collage
   • earthenware, porcelain, and stoneware
   • embroidery
   • firing
   • Happenings
   • installation
   • kinetic
   • slip casting, hand building, and wheel throwing
   • tapestry

2. know the five traditional craft media: ceramics, fibers, glass, metal, and wood, as well as their historic origins.

3. recognize that the history of "crafts" is the history of visually enhancing that which is functional.

4. know what the WORKS IN PROGRESS artists have all contributed to the evolution of their respective disciplines.

5. understand that many "fine artists" work in media associated with the "crafts." These artists produce sculpture, drawings, and mixed media art works with a contemporary vision.

6. consider what creative processes and roles are shared between craft artists, fine artists, and designers.

In the Twentieth Century, the crafts lost their traditional association with functionality. In many ways, craft artists, like fine artists, were able to shed their bonds to utilitarian concerns and create works that expressed the creative spirit of the individual.

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