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Chapter 17

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This activity contains 27 questions.

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. The Newtonian world view, the stability and commercial prosperity of Great Britain after 1688, the need for administrative and economic reform in France after the wars of Louis XIV, and the consolidation of what is known as a culture were the chief factors that fostered the ideas of the Enlightenment and the call for reform throughout Europe.

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. argued that all humans enter the world a tabula rasa, or blank page.

	Enlightenment thinkers particularly admired Great Britain because of   the achievements under royal absolutism. the literary genius of Shakespeare and Milton. the organization of the Anglican church. its stability and religious toleration.

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. The writers and critics who forged the new attitudes favorable to change, who championed reform, and who flourished in the emerging print culture were the .

	Which of the following is the LEAST accurate statement about the philosophes?   They held a common desire for reform of society, government, and thought. They were not well-organized, and disagreed on many points. They were most often men from the upper classes of society. They used the printed word as their major tool.

	Although they disagreed on many issues, a fundamental principle shared by all Enlightenment thinkers was   a support for reforming society. a support for mercantilism. that absolute monarchy was the best form of government. that a return to tradition was the best path for society.

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. In Candide, attacked war, religious persecution, and what he regarded as unwarranted optimism about the human condition.

	Most Enlightenment thinkers believed that religion should be   transformed through reason into rational worship of God and nature. a combination of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. acknowledged as the source of truth. abolished.

	The slogan "Crush the Infamous Thing" refers to   Spinoza's attitude towards Judaism. Voltaire's attitude toward the Catholic Church. Montesquieu's attitude toward the French monarchy. Catherine the Great's attitude toward Poland.

	Most Muslims in Europe encouraged the spread of Enlightenment ideas to the Ottoman Empire.    True  False

	Religion was the central interest of the philosophes, with human society a distant second.    True  False

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. Most of the philosophes were thinking of improving the lives of when they discussed reforms.

	Cesare Beccaria advocated the death penalty as the rational punishment for certain crimes.    True  False

	Adam Smith's philosophy of economics basically advocated all EXCEPT   free pursuit of economic self-interest. free trade. exploitation of the earth's physical resources. that the government should never undertake commercial ventures.

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. The theory was popular with Scottish thinkers and others; it classified human societies along a scale of social and economic development.

	Philosophes in France were more discontented with the political system in France than philosophes in other countries were about their own countries.    True  False

	One of Montesquieu's most influential ideas was   diplomatic immunity. efficient and popular absolutism. a workable solution to Church and state disunity. the division of power within any government.

	The concept that under certain circumstances, some people must be forced to be free is associated with the thinking of Montesquieu.    True  False

	Montesquieu's analysis of the separation of powers within the British constitutional system accepted patronage and corruption as unavoidable.    True  False

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. The of women such as Julie de Lespinasse were important in the circulation of the philosophes' ideas.

	Louis XV's mistress played a key role in the publication of the Encyclopedia.    True  False

	In the Encyclopedia   many articles emphasized women's strength, as shown in the difficulties they overcame to bear children. most articles about women focused on the activities of lower class and working-class women. most authors advocated greater social and political freedoms for women. motherhood was presented as women's most important occupation.

	Mary Wollstonecraft argued that it was in a woman's best interest to resist limitations placed on her by men.    True  False

	The "enlightened absolutism" of the rulers of the eighteenth century can best be described as   neither genuinely enlightened nor truly absolute. camouflage for the political destruction of local nobles. dependent on training provided by philosophes. a truly benign rule based upon justice and security.

	Frederick the Great radically reformed Prussia's tax structure, so that peasants paid far less than the nobility.    True  False

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. Through the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainardji, Russia won a port on the .

	During the second half of the eighteenth century, Belgium disappeared from the map of Europe.    True  False

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