Chapter 4 is about Hinduism. It begins with a discussion of early cultures in India, and then the origins of what many scholars consider to be the world's oldest religion. It includes an overview of the historical development and contemporary diversity of Hinduism and of major philosophical systems, the caste system, divinities and ritual practice. It concludes with a discussion of Hinduism in the modern world.
After reading this chapter you should:
- Have a basic understanding of the origins and historical development of Hinduism.
- Understand its relationship with Jainism and Islam in India.
- Be familiar with major Hindu texts including the Vedas, Laws of Manu, Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita.
- Understand Hinduism's major gods and goddesses.
- Be familiar with the tradition's physical (yoga), ritual and spiritual practices.
- Know important names and terms including karma, dharma, Aryan, Brahman, atman, Brahma, Sarasvati, Shiva, Paravati, Vishnu and Lakshmi, Bhakti, samsara and moksha.
