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Chapter 5

Study Guide

Chapter Exam

Chapter Exam

This activity contains 22 questions.

	_________ conditioning is learning that occurs when two stimuli, a conditioned stimulus (originally a neutral stimulus) and an unconditioned stimulus are paired and become associated with each other.   Operant Non-reinforced Classical Instrumental

	_________ is a general term for the reduction and elimination of behaviors; in classical conditioning this occurs when repeated presentation of the CS alone leads to a reduction in the strength of the CR   Extermination Aversion Extinction Avoidance

	Marta has just received three dollars for cleaning her room. Marta has received a _______ _________.   positive praise cash advance positive reinforcer positive punisher

	A reinforcement schedule in which reinforcement is based on the number of responses is called a ________ schedule   fixed mixed ratio interval

	The Law of ______ is Thorndike's view that reinforcers promote learning, whereas punishers lead to the unlearning of responses .   effect punishment affect learning

	Learning that occurs through watching and imitating the behavior of others is called ____________ learning.   mocking observational mimicry ersatz

	Eduardo is terribly afraid of birds and will not go outside. Eduardo may be suffering from a/an _______.   paraphilia phobia aversion extinction

	Jim's dog Ruffy salivates everytime he smells food. The salivation is the __   CR CS US UR

	A neutral stimulus is a stimulus that, before conditioning, elicits a particular response.    True  False

	Osmann becomes hungry at noon each day. This is likely the result of classical conditioning.    True  False

	When Tamika says "thank you" her mother tells her she is good and hugs her. Tamika's mother is using an operant learning technique.    True  False

	Jake gets a dollar for every time he does his homework. This is an example of classical conditioning.    True  False

	________ is a relatively permanent change in behavior or the potential to make a response that occurs as a result of experience.   Learning Cognition Habit Adjustment

	Spontaneous ________ is the reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response after the passage of time.   learning habituation recovery action

	Mary does her homework when she is offered something to eat. The food is a ________ reinforcer.   innate primitive primary secondary

	Compare and contrast the work of Pavlov and Skinner. How are these two scientists' work similar and how are they different?   To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.

	What is continuous reinforcement? How is it different from intermittent reinforcement? Give an example of each.   To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. Eustinia dislikes oranges because her mother always gave them to her during illness. This is an example of taste learning.

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. Bob receives his paycheck every two weeks. This is an example of a/an reinforcement schedule.

	Within the question text below, there is one text entry field where you can enter your answer. learning is learning that has occurred but is not demonstrated .

	Match the following terms with their definitions A matching question presents 6 answer choices and 6 items. The answer choices are lettered A through F. The items are numbered 21.1 through 21.6. Screen readers will read the answer choices first. Then each item will be presented along with a select menu for choosing an answer choice. Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the corresponding item in the right column. Stimulus that has innate reinforcing properties Event or stimulus presented after the target response that increases the likelihood that this response will occur again The process of using an unpleasant thing or event to decrease response rate. Stimulus that acquires reinforcing properties by being associated with a primary reinforcer A form of operant conditioning in which a desired response is taught by reinforcement of successive responses that more closely resemble the target response Event or stimulus removed after the target response, thereby increasing the likelihood that this response will occur again 21.1 punishment   A B C D E F 21.2 shaping   A B C D E F 21.3 Positive reinforcer   A B C D E F 21.4 Negative reinforcer   A B C D E F 21.5 Primary reinforcer   A B C D E F 21.6 Secondary reinforcer   A B C D E F

	Match the following terms with their definitions. A matching question presents 6 answer choices and 6 items. The answer choices are lettered A through F. The items are numbered 22.1 through 22.6. Screen readers will read the answer choices first. Then each item will be presented along with a select menu for choosing an answer choice. Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the corresponding item in the right column. Preset pattern for delivering reinforcement Thorndike's view that reinforcers promote learning, whereas punishers lead to the unlearning of responses Stimulus or signal telling the participant that responding will be reinforced Sudden grasp of a concept or the solution to a problem that results from perceptual restructuring; typically characterized by an immediate change in behavior Occurrence of responses to stimuli that are similar to a conditioned stimulus Stimulus that, before conditioning, does not elicit a particular response 22.1 Insight learning   A B C D E F 22.2 Law of effect   A B C D E F 22.3 Discriminative stimulus   A B C D E F 22.4 Schedule of reinforcement   A B C D E F 22.5 Generalization   A B C D E F 22.6 Neutral stimulus   A B C D E F

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