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Chapter 14

Chapter Test

Chapter Test

Read each question carefully and choose the best answer.

This activity contains 22 questions.

	The average salinity of the open ocean is 35% dissolved salts.    True  False

	The salinity of the Red Sea is often below 10 parts per thousand.    True  False

	Volcanic outgassing decreased the salinity of the oceans.    True  False

	Oceanographers and scientists most often express salinity in units of parts per   sodium chlorine hundred salts thousand

	The two major sources for the vast quantities of dissolved substances in the ocean are chemical weathering and   photosynthesis Earth's interior desalination the atmosphere none of the above

	The two most abundant components dissolved in seawater are sodium and   bromine strontium potassium chlorine none of the above

	By volume the most extensive layer in the open oceans is represented by the   surface mixed zone deep zone isopycnal zone pycnozone transition zone

	The ocean is layered according to density.    True  False

	In the ocean, higher salinities are found in places with higher evaporation than precipitation rates.    True  False

	Near the equator, the temperature falls abruptly with depth within the transition zone.    True  False

	Seawater density is influenced by two main factors: salinity and   temperature zooplankton nutrients sunlight none of the above

	Surface salinity in polar regions varies seasonally due to the formation and melting of sea ice.    True  False

	The oceans do not demonstrate a rapid change in temperature and density with depth in the polar regions.    True  False

	Marine organisms are classified according to habitat and   distance to shore mobility teeth temperature photic

	The abyssal zone is a subdivision of the ________ zone.   oceanic benthic photic neritic euphotic

	Most adult fish, squid, marine mammals, and marine reptiles are classified as   benthos plankton infauna floaters nekton

	Most marine organisms live within the sunlit surface waters of the ocean.    True  False

	The distribution of marine organisms is affected by the chemistry, physics, and geology of the oceans.    True  False

	Animals that feed through a food chain rather than a food web are more likely to survive if one of their food sources should diminish in quantity or disappear.    True  False

	Nutrients are generally more abundant in colder ocean water and include elements and compounds such as   iron silica phosphorus nitrates all of the above

	Primary productivity is the amount of carbon fixed by organisms through the synthesis of organic matter using energy derived from solar radiation or chemical reactions.    True  False

	Productivity spikes during the summer in northern polar regions of the oceans.    True  False

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