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Chapter Test

Read each question and all answer choices carefully, then choose the best answer.

This activity contains 26 questions.

Question 1.
Composition of the rock alone will determine how greatly the rock type influences the elastic limit and how the rock will deform.

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Question 2.
Most crustal deformation occurs along plate margins.

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Question 3.
When stress is gradually applied, rocks respond by flowing plastically.

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Question 4.
Near the surface with low temperatures and confining pressures, brittle deformation

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Question 5.
Rock is more likely to fracture under stress near the surface because temperatures and confining pressure are low.

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Question 6.
A ________ fault occurs when a hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.

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Question 7.
A fracture with horizontal displacement parallel to its surface trend is called a/an ____________ fault.

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Question 8.
A thrust fault is a low-angle reverse fault.

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Question 9.
Folding is usually the result of

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Question 10.
Faults where the movement is primarily vertical are called ____________ faults.

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Question 11.
Identify the type of fold illustrated by selecting the correct response.

(Fold diagrams, Copyright © Prentice Hall, Inc.)

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The letters A through B appear on an image associated with this question.

This question presents 2 items numbered 11.1 through 11.2. Each item is presented with a pulldown menu containing the letters A through B. For each item below, use the pull-down menu to select the letter that labels the correct part of the image.
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Question 12.
Strike-slip faults that are associated with plate boundaries are called transform faults.

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Question 13.
The most important difference between faults and joints is that joints


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Question 14.
Trough-like structures produced from downfolded structures are often called

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Question 15.
Complex orogenic forces that produce mountain belts often result in


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Question 16.
The Appalachians formed as a result of orogenic activity

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Question 17.
Most mountain building occurs in tensional environments.

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Question 18.
The Andes Mountains include regions of

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Question 19.
Fault-block mountains are common in the Basin and Range Province of the southwestern United States.

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Question 20.
Most major episodes of mountain building have occurred along divergent plate boundaries.

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Question 21.
"Terrane" refers to any crustal fragment whose geologic history is distinct from that of adjoining fragments.

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Question 22.
The Appalachians resulted from collisions between North America, Europe, and northern Africa.

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Question 23.
The combined processes of ductile spreading at depth and normal faulting in the upper portion of the crust can result in the process of

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Question 24.
Erosion of overlying layers can cause the underlying rocks to


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Question 25.
Isostatic adjustment occurs when there is addition or removal of weight from Earth's crust.

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Question 26.
Over time, erosion and isostatic adjustment of older mountains will ___________ the crystalline mountain core.

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