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Chapter 6

Concept #4 Quiz

Concept #4 Quiz

Choose the best possible answer to the following questions about Key Concept 4 "Controls on rates of weathering processes."

This activity contains 10 questions.

	Which are the most important factors controlling the rates of weathering?   climate and the presence of vegetation rock characteristics and climate resistance to weathering and climate crystallization order and rock characteristics

	Which of the following lists the minerals in order of rate of weathering, slowest to fastest?   quartz, potassium feldspar, amphibole, olivine olivine, quartz, potassium feldspar, amphibole amphibole, potassium feldspar, quartz, olivine quartz, olivine, amphibole, potassium feldspar olivine, amphibole, potassium feldspar, quartz

	In which climate is chemical weathering most effective?   dry areas with low temperatures moist areas with warm temperatures snowy areas with warm temperatures wet areas with low temperatures

	Fill in the correct information in Bowen's reaction series as it relates to the weathering of minerals. This question presents 4 items numbered 4.1 through 4.4. Each item is presented with a pulldown menu containing the letters A through D. For each item below, use the pull-down menu to select the letter that labels the correct part of the image. 4.1 easily weathered on Earth's surface A B C D 4.2 very weather resistant on Earth's surface A B C D 4.3 low temperature of crystallization A B C D 4.4 high temperature of crystallization A B C D

	Which of the following is true about a mineral’s relation between temperature of crystallization and resistance to weathering?   a. Higher crystallization T, least resistance to weathering b. Lower crystallization T, higher resistance to weathering c. The order of weathering resistance is identical to the order of mineral crystallization from a magma (Bowen’s reaction series). all of these. a. and b. only

	What will likely be the end products of the complete weathering of each of the indicated minerals in this specimen of gabbro? (Close up photograph courtesy of the Geology Department, University of Cape Town) This question presents 2 items numbered 6.1 through 6.2. Each item is presented with a pulldown menu containing the letters A through B. For each item below, use the pull-down menu to select the letter that labels the correct part of the image. 6.1 pyroxene: forms iron oxides and clays [hint] A B 6.2 feldspar: forms clays (kaolin) and silica in solution [hint] A B

	Comparing rocks historically used for gravestones, why does marble weather faster than granite?   Marble is composed of minerals that resist weathering well, whereas granite has less of these minerals. Marble is composed of calcite, a mineral strongly resistant to weathering, whereas granite is composed of quartz, a mineral strongly reactive in water. Marble is composed of a mineral that is resistant to chemical weathering (quartz), whereas granite is composed of minerals less resistant to weathering (like calcite). Marble is composed of a mineral that readily reacts with water (calcite), whereas granite is composed of minerals more resistant to weathering (like quartz).

	Why is quartz, and rocks with lots of quartz in them, more resistant to weathering than olivine and rocks that have lots of olivine?   Al-Si bonds are very strong, and quartz has a higher proportion of these bonds than olivine. Si-O bonds are very strong, and quartz has a higher proportion of these bonds than olivine. Al-Si bonds are very weak, and quartz has very few of these bonds relative to olivine. Si-O bonds are very weak, and quartz has very few of these bonds relative to olivine.

	Why do regions with lush vegetation have thicker mantles of soil from chemical weathering?   The deeper weathering, producing soil, gives rise to more lush vegetation. The deeper the root base, the more root wedging occurs, producing more soil. The high vegetation creates large quantities of carbonic acid in the large amounts of water present. The high amount of vegetation is produced by soil, thereby more soil is produced by more vegetation.

	Is slope an important “rate of weathering” process? Why or why not?   Yes. Steeper slopes do not allow enough infiltration of water. Yes. Gentle slopes do not allow enough infiltration of water. No. Gentle slopes allow lots of water to infiltrate. No. Steeper slopes allow lots of water to infiltrate.

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