Multiple Choice

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Chapter 4

Multiple Choice

Multiple Choice
Choose the best answer for the following questions.

This activity contains 25 questions.

This region is called Latin America:

	because the people who discovered the area originally spoke Latin.
	because the region is predominantly Catholic.
	to distinguish the Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking republics of the Americas from the English-speaking ones.
	because the early mapmakers spoke Latin and the name has remained since.
	because the popular style of dancing in the region is called "Latin Dancing."

All of the following can be found in Latin America EXCEPT:

	massive reserves of natural resources such as oil, gas, and copper.
	the largest rainforest on Earth.
	one of the world's greatest reserves of biological diversity.
	seven times the population of India, in a landmass twice as large.
	primarily urban populations.

Neotropics are the:

	newest species of tropical plants on Earth.
	tropical ecosystems of the Western Hemisphere.
	only ecosystem found in Latin America.
	result of earthquakes and volcanic activity.
	reason why the Humboldt Trench exists off the coast of Peru and Chile.

Tropical rainforests, which contain at least 50% of the world's species, are threatened by all of the following EXCEPT:

	Grassification.
	Desertification.
	Land redistribution.
	Cocaine production.
	Search for gold.

Mexico City is the capital of Mexico and its primary city. Which of the following statements about it is NOT true?

	Mexico City was once the cradle of Aztec civilization and an early center of plant domestication.
	Air quality is so bad that during pollution emergencies, schoolchildren are required to stay indoors.
	Mexico City is sinking because it is overdrawing its underlying aquifer.
	Water scarcity and water quality in Mexico City are considered national security issues.
	Mexico City is actively limiting the number of new residents to 100,000 annually.

The "green city" of Brazil, whose city planners emphasize low pollution, good public transportation, open space, and recycling, is:

	Cubatao.
	Curitiba.
	Manaus.
	Sao Paulo.
	Rio de Janeiro.

Latin America's diverse landforms include all BUT:

	Active volcanoes.
	Large upland plateaus.
	Treeless high plains.
	Extensive river drainage systems.
	Equatorial terraced swamps for rice production.

El Niño is a weather phenomenon that:

	creates snowfall at low elevations during summer months.
	comes from an abnormally large warm Pacific current that usually arrives along coastal Ecuador and Peru in December.
	reduces risk of floods or droughts in Latin America.
	is predictable and easily accounted for.
	does not affect Latin American economies to any significant degree.

When describing the urban form of Latin American cities, the term "elite spine" refers to:

	the strip of newer businesses extending from the colonial core to the newest parts of a city.
	the fact that most of the population of Latin America lives in cities.
	the houses built on a ridge of the city, placing them higher than the others.
	a strip of upper and upper middle class residences between the central markets and the industrial sites.
	a stretch of the best land within the city that has been reserved for parkland.

The poorest residents of a Latin American city generally live in:

	(A) Squatter settlements.
	(B) Inside the periferico.
	(C) Disamenity zones.
	A and B only.
	A and C only.

The entrenched practice of maintaining large estates is called _____, while the practice of farming small plots for subsistence is _____.

	latifundia; encomienda.
	ejidos; agrarian reform.
	latifundia; minifundia.
	minifundia; encomienda.
	minifundia; ejidos.

What are the factors leading to the potential for continued high population growth in Latin America?

	(A) immigration.
	(B) continued high fertility rates throughout Latin America.
	(C) the relatively large size of the population group below the age of 15.
	B and C only.
	A and C only.

Historically, migrants into Latin America did NOT include:

	Europeans.
	Asians.
	Africans.
	Mestizos.
	North Americans.

An area where native populations define their own territory as well as assert political and resource control is called:

	Encomiendo.
	Blanco.
	Quechua.
	Comarca.
	Tenochtitlan.

Which of the following did NOT contribute to the demographic collapse of native populations after 1500?

	disease.
	slaves imported from Africa.
	warfare.
	forced labor of natives by conquerors.
	starvation from collapse of food production systems.

Indigenous languages spoken in Honduras include:

	Mixtec and Nawan.
	Kuna and Embera.
	Guarani and Quechua.
	Garifuna and Miskito.
	Mayan and Zapotec.

The Virgin of Guadeloupe and Carnival are examples of:

	(A) The Reign of Momo.
	(B) African-based religious practices.
	(C) Syncretic religions.
	All of the above.
	A and B only.

The majority of Latin Americans speak Spanish rather than Portuguese as a legacy of the:

	Treaty of Tordesillas.
	Organization of American States (OAS).
	Treaty of Hidalgo.
	Monroe Doctrine.
	Viceroyalty of Peru.

In addition to a trend toward democracy since 1980, Latin American states have been:

	(A) Opening their markets to international trade.
	(B) Broadening public participation in the political process.
	(C) Demonstrating more willingness to set aside old rivalries.
	All of the above.
	None of the above, since political chaos increasingly accompanies economic collapse throughout the region.

Trade blocks, such as LAFTA and CACM, are examples of supranational organizations. Subnational organizations are represented by groups like:

	Mercosur.
	the Andean Group.
	FTAA (Free Trade Area of the Americas).
	FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia).
	Southern Cone.

Widespread drug production and trafficking throughout the region exert social damage by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

	Exerting undue political power.
	Destroying the judicial system.
	Threatening the social order of existing states.
	Violently terrorizing the populace.
	Decentralizing into small productive syndicates.

Failed development policies throughout Latin America included all of the following EXCEPT:

	import substitution.
	establishment of maquiladoras and other manufacturing plants.
	agrarian reform.
	primary export dependency.
	nationalization of private industries.

Profitable extraction of natural resources through Latin America includes:

	Mining of gold and other precious metals.
	Logging.
	Oil production.
	Sustainable production of exotic woods.
	All of the above.

Neoliberal policies lead to:

	government agencies losing power to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).
	government reforms that stress self-sufficiency and state intervention in markets.
	racial and ethnic prejudices that undermine overall social and economic development.
	increased trade and more favorable terms for debt repayment.
	nationalization and dollarization.

One of the major factors showing the changing status of women in Latin America is:

	higher percentage of women dying in childbirth.
	increasing political representation in cooperatives, unions and governments.
	greater popularity of telenovelas.
	more women than men enrolled in medical schools.
	the relatively large segment of the population below the age of 15.

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