Home > Preliminaries to Erosion: Weathering... > Quick Review >
     
Preliminaries to Erosion: Weathering...
Quick Review

1 .       Whenever bedrock is exposed, it weathers. 

 
 


2 .       The most common structural features of the rocks of the lithosphere are faults. 

 
 


3 .       Solution cavities are holes formed in calcareous rocks as the soluble minerals are dissolved and carried away by percolating water. 

 
 


4 .       From a chemical standpoint, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor are the three atmospheric components of greatest importance in rock weathering. 

 
 


5 .       Mechanical weathering is the physical disintegration of rock material without any change in its chemical composition. 

 
 


6 .       The frequent alternation of freezing and thawing is called frost shattering or frost wedging. 

 
 


7 .       Salt wedging occurs when salts crystallize out of solution as water evaporates. 

 
 


8 .       Chemical processes operate more rapidly in dry climates than in humid climates. 

 
 


9 .       In cold lands the influence of mechanical weathering is dominant. 

 
 


10 .       Hydrolysis is the chemical union of water with another substance to produce a new compound. 

 
 


11 .       The penetration of growing plant roots into cracks and crevices is known as mechnical weathering. 

 
 


12 .       Mass wasting is the process whereby weathered material is moved a relatively short distance downslope under the direct influence of gravity. 

 
 


13 .       Talus are the fragments that fall around the base of a rock. 

 
 


14 .       A landslide is an instantaneous collapse of a slope with plastic flow. 

 
 


15 .       Slumping involves slope collapse in which the rock or regolith moves downward and at the same time rotates outward along a curved surface that has its concave side facing upward. 

 
 






Copyright © 1995-2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall Legal and Privacy Terms