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Chapter 2

Chapter Test

Chapter Test
Choose the best possible answer to the following questions for all of "Chapter 2."

This activity contains 26 questions.

	What are the four criteria used to define a “mineral”?   artificial, organic, solid, distinct chemistry natural, inorganic, crystalline, distinct chemical composition natural, organic, crystalline, indistinct chemistry none of these

	Which of these is not found in the nucleus of an atom?   proton positive charge electron neutron

	All atoms of the same element have the same atomic number.    True  False

	All atoms of the same element have the same atomic mass.    True  False

	Positive ions are atoms that have gained electrons during a chemical reaction.    True  False

	Atoms of the same element, sodium for example, have the same number of in the nucleus.

	Ionic bonding is where __________.   atoms of different elements, having gained or lost electrons, form negative and positive ions that are bonded together by attractive forces between ions with opposite charges atoms of two different elements share electrons and protons; the resulting compound is bonded together by the strong binding energy of shared protons nuclei of bonding atoms exchange electrons; the resulting ions are bonded together by the attractive forces between the negative and positive nuclei nuclei of two different atoms share electrons, and the resulting compound is tightly bonded by the very strong electronuclear bonds

	Which of these is correct for isotopes of an element?   different number of electrons, same number of neutrons different number of neutrons, same number of protons different number of protons, same number of neutrons same number of electrons, different number of protons

	What physical property denotes the color of a powdered mineral?

	Match the following aspects of atoms and elements with the appropriate response. Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the corresponding item in the right column. the first and lightest element on the periodic chart massive, positively charged nuclear atomic particle least massive particle that occupies space in an atom outside the nucleus tiny, but very massive central part of an atom 10.1 nucleus A B C D 10.2 proton A B C D 10.3 electron A B C D 10.4 hydrogen A B C D

	Match the following terms to the appropriate physical property of minerals. Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the corresponding item in the right column. mineral that occupies the highest position (highest hardness) on Mohs scale of hardness the color of a mineral in powdered form readily reacts with acids such as dilute HCl high specific gravity, metallic luster light reflecting off the surface of a mineral manner of a mineral’s breaking where no flat planes are produced 11.1 gold A B C D E F 11.2 calcite A B C D E F 11.3 luster A B C D E F 11.4 streak A B C D E F 11.5 diamond A B C D E F 11.6 fracture A B C D E F

	Match the mineral with the appropriate description Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the corresponding item in the right column. “dark” silicate, platy cleavage, one of the mica group hard, no cleavage, common mineral in sandstone and granite fool’s gold, brassy-yellow, metallic luster, used in making sulfuric acid native element mineral, very soft, used for pencil lead potassium feldspar, major mineral in the rock granite “dark” silicate, cleavage at 60 and 120°, commonly found in some igneous rocks 12.1 quartz A B C D E F 12.2 pyrite A B C D E F 12.3 biotite A B C D E F 12.4 graphite A B C D E F 12.5 hornblende A B C D E F 12.6 orthoclase A B C D E F

	Insert the appropriate mineral in the four indicated positions on Mohs scale of hardness. For each item below, use the pull-down menu to select the letter that labels the correct part of the image. 13.1 mineral cannot scratch glass but scratches a fingernail A B C D 13.2 mineral scratches glass but is scratched by quartz A B C D 13.3 mineral scratches quartz and topaz A B C D 13.4 mineral scratches quartz but not topaz A B C D

	Which of the following is not true about the two minerals graphite and diamond?   same chemistry but different crystal structures both are composed of carbon atoms diamond is “harder” same crystal structure but different chemistry

	Which describes the geometry of a tetrahedron?   6 plane faces, each a rectangle, 4 edges, 8 corners 6 plane faces, each a square, 12 edges, 8 corners 4 plane faces, each an equilateral triangle, 6 edges, 4 corners 8 plane faces, each an equilateral triangle, 12 edges, 6 corners

	Which are found surrounding the center of the Si-O tetrahedron?   6 silicon ions 4 oxygen ions 4 silicon ions 6 oxygen ions

	Which of the following is a characterization of ferromagnesian silicates?   contain magnetite and hematite, colorless to light green in color contain iron and magnetite, dark in color, metallic luster mostly clear and colorless, contain magnesium and aluminum contain iron and magnesium, black to dark-green in color

	Match the following minerals with their silicate structure (group). Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the corresponding item in the right column. sheets of tetrahedra isolated (island) tetrahedra three-dimensional networks of tetrahedra single chains of tetrahedra 18.1 clay A B C D 18.2 pyroxene A B C D 18.3 feldspar A B C D 18.4 olivine A B C D

	Plagioclase feldspars contain significant, variable percentages of which elements?   Calcium and magnesium. Iron and magnesium. Sodium and sulfur. Sodium and calcium.

	What is the most likely reason why inhalation of asbestos dust promotes diseases such as glaucoma?   fibrous form of these minerals blocky form of these minerals the chemical composition of these minerals all of these

	Ferromagnesian minerals generally exhibit _________.   one perfect cleavage and are colorless light color, non-metallic luster dark color, specific gravity higher than quartz light color, metallic luster