1 .		Leaf coloration in the four-o'clock plant, Mirabilis jalapa, was one of the first examples of cytoplasmic inheritance. Leaves may be green, white or variegated, depending on the phenotype of the ovule. If ovules from a white-leafed branch are pollinated with ovules from a green-leafed branch, what phenotypes will be observed in the progeny? [Hint]
2 .		Leaf coloration in the four-o'clock plant, Mirabilis jalapa, was one of the first examples of cytoplasmic inheritance. Leaves may be green, white-, or variegated, depending on the phenotype of the ovule. If ovules from a variegated leafed branch are pollinated with ovules from a variegated leafed branch, what phenotypes will be observed in the progeny? [Hint]
3 .		In the snail Limnaea peregra, coiling of the shell is determined by the genes D for right-handed coiled shells, and d for left-handed coiled shells. The gene for the right-handed shell is dominant. However, the direction of coiling in any single individual is determined by the genotype of the maternal parent producing the egg, regardless of the progeny's genotype. Which of the following uses Correct genetic terminology to describe this trait? [Hint]
4 .		In the snail Limnaea peregra, coiling of the shell is determined by the genes D for right-hand coiled shells, and d for left-hand coiled shells. The gene for the right-hand coiled shell is dominant. This trait shows maternal influence since the direction of coiling is determined by the genotype of the maternal parent producing the egg, regardless of the progeny's genotype. Which of the following crosses could give a left-hand coiled shell heterozygote? [Hint]
5 .		In the snail Limnaea peregra, coiling of the shell is determined by the genes D for right-hand coiled shells, and d for left-handed coiled shells. The gene for the right-hand coiled shell is dominant. This trait shows maternal influence since the direction of coiling is determined by the genotype of the maternal parent producing the egg, regardless of the progeny's genotype. Which of the following crosses could give a right-hand coiled shelled heterozygote? [Hint]
6 .		In Neurospora, hyphae from different strains can fuse together to form a multinucleated cell. What is the term for this cell structure that contains nuclei of different genotypes? [Hint]
7 .		What is the term for the condition that refers to cells that have a variable mixture of organelles with different genetic origins? [Hint]
8 .		Which of the following is an example of infectious heredity? [Hint]
9 .		Which of the following human genetic diseases is not a cytoplasmic/maternally inherited trait? [Hint]
10 .		In mice, the X chromosome of paternal origin is inactivated early in development. During embryonic development, the inactivation is released and maternal and paternal X chromosomes are inactivated randomly. What is the term for this genetic process? [Hint]
11 .		Leaf coloration in the four- o'clock plant, Mirabilis jalapa, was one of the first examples of cytoplasmic inheritance. Leaves may be green, white or variegated, depending on the phenotype of the ovule. If ovules from a green-leafed branch are pollinated with ovules from a white-leafed branch, what phenotypes will be observed in the progeny? [Hint]
12 .		In the snail Limnaea peregra, coiling of the shell is determined by the genes D for right-handed coiled shells, and d for left-hand coiled shells. The gene for the right-hand coiled shell is dominant. This trait shows maternal influence since the direction of coiling is determined by the genotype of the maternal parent producing the egg, regardless of the maternal parent's phenotype. Which of the following crosses could give all heterozygotes with the right-hand coiled shell phenotype? [Hint]
13 .		Which of the following statements concerning maternal inheritance is true? [Hint]
14 .		Which of the following phenotypic descriptions does not refer to a mitochondrial trait? [Hint]
15 .		Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy is caused by a mutation in the mitochondrial gene encoding NADH dehydrogenase. The trait exhibits cytoplasmic inheritance and is passed along maternal lines. Often, however, both parents of an affected individual are phenotypically wild-type and there is no family history of the disease. What is the most likely explanation for this? [Hint]
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