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| 1. |
Correctly match each category of fossil with its description.
[Hint]
Using the pulldown boxes, match each item on the left to the corresponding item at right.
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| A. Organic material is buried in sediment before it decomposes and leaves an impression in the material below it |
| B. These originate when remains decay or shells are dissolved after being buried; the result is either an unfilled space or a rock that forms by filling in the space. |
| C. Structures are buried in sediment and dissolved minerals precipitate in their cells. |
| D. Structures are preserved in environments that discourage loss from weathering, consumption, or decomposition. |
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| 2. |
Which of the following lists consists of structures or organisms that are likely to be common in the fossil record?
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| 3. |
Which of the following correctly list the range of dates and the types of organisms that characterize the Ediacaran Fauna?
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| 4. |
Which of the following correctly list the range of dates and the types of organisms that characterize the Burgess Shale Fauna?
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| 5. |
Correctly match each characteristic with its correct position on the phylogeny.
[Hint]
For each item below, use the pull-down menu to select the letter that labels the correct part of the image.
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| 6. |
Runnegar and Wray et al. used molecular clock analyses to date the origin of the bilaterians and the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes, respectively. Both analyses suggested that
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| 7. |
Knoll and Carroll suggested two environmental changes that might have triggered the Cambrian explosion. They are
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| 8. |
Define "adaptive radiation" and briefly explain the two conditions that may give rise to this phenomenon.
[Hint]
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
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| 9. |
According to Gould and Eldredge's model of punctuated equilibria, stasis in the fossil record
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| 10. |
Briefly describe the two criteria necessary for a valid test of punctuated equilibria.
[Hint]
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
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| 11. |
During a mass extinction event, over _____ of species go extinct within a span of a million years. Collectively, the Big Five mass extinctions account for about _____ percent of extinctions during the Phanerozoic.
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| 12. |
Prior to the discovery of the Chicxulub crater, evidence supporting the high-impact hypothesis for the K-T mass extinction included
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| 13. |
Briefly describe three potential consequences of the asteroid impact that created the Chicxulub crater.
[Hint]
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
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| 14. |
Which of the following accurately describe(s) a method used to estimate current extinction rates.
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| 15. |
Using multiple approaches to make their estimates, scientists now estimate that current extinction rates are occurring _____ times the background rate.
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| 16. |
Which taxa are at greatest risk of extinction in North America?
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Answer choices in this exercise are randomized and will appear in a different order each time the page is loaded.
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