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Chapter 7: Population Genetics 3: Multiple Loci and Sex Destinations

Explore key concepts and research through these links to additional web resources.

7.1 Evolution at Two Loci: Linkage Equilibrium and Linkage Disequilibrium

• Bell Curve
  The Bell Curve is a long and complex four-part book by the psychologist Richard Herrnstein and the political scientist Charles Murray. The authors assert that intelligence is a highly heritable trait, plays a critical role in socioeconomic achievement and social pathology, and is becoming increasingly unequally distributed. This review article examines the logical and empirical support for these claims.
  Keywords: intelligence, IQ, bell curve

• Linkage Equilibrium
  At EvoTutor simulations you can test whether or not two loci are in linkage equilibrium by comparing known two-locus genotype frequencies with two-locus genotype frequencies calculated from one-locus genotype frequencies.
  Keywords: linkage equilibrium, genotype, genetic loci

7.2 Practical Reasons for Measuring Linkage Disequilibrium

• Linkage Analysis
  This website is sponsored by The Research Lab. Here you can learn how linage analysis is performed by scientists wishing to understand the genetic basis for susceptibility or resistance to a disease.
  Keywords: linkage analysis, genetic mapping, affected sibling pair method

• Linkage
  If you're interested in the study of genetic linkage (especially as it applies to the study of human genetics and genetic disease), visit this site, the home page of the Laboratory of Statistical Genetics at Rockelfeller University.
  Keywords: linkage, genetics, Rockelfeller University

7.3 The Adaptive Significance of Sex

• The Origin of Sexual Reproduction
  This National Geographic article by Robert Tindol explores the research conducted by Claus Wilke and Chris Adami into the origin of sexual reproduction. Here you can learn how scientists attempt to address these long-standing evolutionary questions.
  Keywords: sexual reproduction, National Geographic, research

• Genetic Load
  This article by Jon Armstrong reviews the concept of genetic load and how it relates to sexual reproduction and dog breeding. Here you can apply what you've learned about sexual reproduction and the heritability of traits.
  Keywords: genetic load, heritability, dog breeding

• Heritability
  This site is designed by John Pollack, Ph.D., Cornell University. Heritability is a statistic used to evaluate animals and to predict response to selective breeding. It is not easily understood. This article is an attempt to demystify the concept of heritability.
  Keywords: heritability, animal breeding, reproduction