1.
Sneezing might be a way for humans to expel viruses that infect the respiratory tract, or the behavior could be induced by viruses as a way to increase the probability that they will be transmitted to new hosts. What data would you collect to test these alternative hypotheses?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
2.
You are the manager of a wildlife preserve that contains a small herd of bison. To make the preserve a more complete ecosystem, you have been asked to reintroduce mountain lions or wolves, which prey on old bison and on calves. A large series of studies from other localities have shown how the predation rate of lions and wolves varies as a function of bison density. What characteristics of lion versus wolf predation would make one or the other predator the better choice for your reintroduction project?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
3.
Two graduate students are engaged in a heated discussion. One says that honeydew production is an adaptation that supports the mutualism between treehoppers and ants. The other says that honeydew is simply a type of feces, and that its role in the mutualism is completely incidental. Design a study that would distinguish between these two hypotheses.
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
4.
Some insects harvest nectar by chewing through the wall of the nectary. As a result, they obtain a nectar reward but no pollination occurs. Suppose that you observed a certain bee species obtaining nectar in this way from a particular orchid species. Over time, how would you expect the characteristics of the orchid population to change in response to this bee behavior?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
