1.
In what sense is the Hardy-Weinberg principle a null model, similar to the control treatment in an experiment?
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2.
The text maintains that mutation has two roles as an evolutionary mechanism. It is too infrequent to produce significant changes in allele frequencies, but it is the ultimate source of genetic variability. Explain.
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3.
Make a table with three columns and seven rows, modeled after Table 22.4 on page 446 of your textbook. Title the columns "Event," "Effect on Populations," and "Example." In the rows of the column titled "Event," write Mutation, Migration, Genetic drift, Inbreeding, Selection, and None—(Hardy-Weinberg conditions). Fill in the rest of the table.
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4.
Sexual selection, like inbreeding, is a form of nonrandom mating. How do these two processes differ? Why does sexual selection frequently lead to sexual dimorphism, with males showing exaggerated characters?
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5.
Directional selection is paradoxical in the sense that it can lead to the fixation of favored alleles. When this occurs, genetic variation is zero and evolution stops. Explain why this rarely occurs.
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