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uracil, guanine, cytosine, thymine (U, G, C, T) adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine (A, U, G, C) alanine, threonine, glycine, cysteine (A, T, G, C) adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine (A, G, C, T)
the sequence of ribonucleotides the sequence of deoxyribonucleotides complementary base pairing and the formation of hairpin loops the sugar-phosphate backbone
AU and GC AC and TG AG and TC AT and GC
N-terminal to C-terminal 5' 3' 3' 5' C-terminal to N-terminal
when hydrophilic residues interact with water when complementary base pairing forms a double helix when hydrophobic residues coalesce when complementary base pairing between ribonucleotides on the same strand creates a "stem-and-loop" structure
the composition of their side chains, or "R-groups" their ability to form peptide bonds the location of their amino group the location of their carboxyl group
Two strands wind around one another in a helical, or spiral, arrangement. It is shaped like a ladder. A single strand winds around itself in a helical, or spiral, arrangement. It stabilizes the molecule.
It has secondary structure. It has a plane of symmetry. It has two mirror-image forms, which cannot be exactly super-imposed on each other. It has tertiary structure.