1.
The text claims that computer simulations are a productive way to explore processes that are difficult to study directly, such as planet formation or the early stages of chemical evolution. Do you agree? How willing are you to accept the results of the models reviewed in this chapter?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
2.
Section 2.2 describes the reaction between carbon dioxide and water, which forms carbonic acid:
In aqueous solution, carbonic acid immediately dissociates to form a proton and the bicarbonate ion, as follows: Does this reaction raise or lower the pH of the solution?
Does the bicarbonate ion act as an acid or a base? If an underwater volcano bubbled additional CO2 into the ocean, would this sequence of re-actions be driven to the left or the right? How would this affect the pH of the ocean?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
3.
When chemistry texts introduce the concept of electron shells, they emphasize that shells represent distinct potential energy levels. In introducing electron shells, this text emphasizes that they represent distinct distances from the positive charges in the nucleus. Are these two points of view in conflict? Why or why not?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
4.
To estimate when a rock formed using radiometric dating, geologists must know three quantities. What are they? How are they used to estimate the age of a rock sample? What sources of uncertainty are involved in measuring these three quantities?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
5.
Why does a reduced compound have more potential energy than an oxidized compound?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
6.
Why does ice float?
To create paragraphs in your essay response, type <p> at the beginning of the paragraph, and </p> at the end.
