

After reading Chapter 13, you should be able to:
- Define the science of geomorphology.
- Illustrate the forces at work on materials residing on a slope.
- Define weathering, and explain the importance of the parent rock and joints and fractures in rock.
- Describe frost action, crystallization, pressure-release jointing, and the role of freezing water as physical weathering processes.
- Describe the susceptibility of different minerals to the chemical weathering processes called hydration, hydrolysis, oxidation, carbonation, and solution.
- Review the processes and features associated with karst topography.
- Portray the various types of mass movements, and identify examples of each in relation to moisture content and speed of movement.