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Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations
Objectives
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After reading Chapter 6, you should be able to:
- Define the concept of air pressure and describe instruments used to measure air pressure.
- Define wind and describe how wind is measured, how wind-direction is determined, and how winds are named.
- Explain the four driving forces within the atmosphere--gravity, pressure gradient force, Coriolis force, and friction force--and describe the primary high- and low-pressure areas and principal winds.
- Describe upper-air circulation and its support role for surface systems and define the jet streams.
- Explain several types of local winds: land-sea breezes, mountain-valley breezes, katabatic winds, and the regional monsoons.
- Discern the basic pattern of the Earth's major surface and deep ocean currents.
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