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| 1. |
The evolution of bacterial resistance to antibiotics results from:
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| 2. |
Goldenrod gall flies lay their eggs in the goldenrod plant. The fly larvae cause the plant to form a gall, a swollen growth of plant tissue. Large galls tend to be pecked open and their larvae eaten by birds. Small galls are more frequently parasitized by tiny wasps, whose larvae eat the fly larva and take over the gall. This complex situation implies that ________ is acting on gall size.
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| 3. |
The evolution of insect resistance to chemical insecticides results from:
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| 4. |
In a species of snail, dark individuals are better hidden (from bird predators) in the shady forest, while lighter individuals are better hidden in well lit brushy edge areas. There are no areas of intermediate brightness; therefore, ___________ acts on shell color in these snails.
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| 5. |
Small Aristelliger lizards have difficulty defending territories, but large lizards are more likely to be preyed upon by owls. This situation results in ________ on adult body size.
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| 6. |
Black-bellied seedcrackers have either small beaks (better for eating soft seeds) or large beaks (better for hard seeds). There are no seeds of intermediate hardness; therefore, ___________ acts on beak size in seedcrackers.
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| 7. |
Long necks make it easier for giraffes to reach leaves high on trees, while also making them better fighters in "neck wrestling" contests. In both cases, __________ appears to have made giraffes the long-necked creatures they are today.
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| 8. |
People with two copies of the sickle cell gene are often quite ill with sickle cell anemia, while those with two copies of normal hemoglobin are likely to become quite ill with malaria where it occurs. Heterozygotes, those with one normal and one sickle cell allele, suffer few effects of sickle cell anemia, and are considerably resistant to malaria. In areas where malaria occurs, it exerts ________ on the human population.
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| 9. |
Women often have complications during labor while trying to give birth to very large babies, while very small babies tend to be underdeveloped. This situation results in ________ on birth weight.
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Answer choices in this exercise are randomized and will appear in a different order each time the page is loaded.
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