NCLEX Review Questions

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Chapter 23

This activity contains 13 questions.

Which of the following statements is accurate pertaining to the immune dysregulation theory?

	As a person ages, the ability of the immune system to differentiate between invaders and normal tissues diminishes.
	With increasing age, the immune system no longer is able to defend the body from foreign invaders, and detrimental changes result.
	Multiple changes in the immune system occur that disrupt the regulation between the multiple components of the immune process.
	The immune system differentiates between substances that are normal constituents of a person's body and those that are not.

The three characteristics that are unique to the immune system are: (Select all that apply.)

	Self-recognition.
	Specificity.
	Memory.
	Antigen.

A patient is known to have eaten contaminated food, but has not become ill. The gerontology nurse practitioner explains to the healthcare team on the unit that gastric acidity will kill some organisms. This type of response is known as:

	Adaptation.
	Innate immunity.
	Passive immunity.
	Acquired passive immunity.

Which of the following factors affect proper immune system function?

	Age, exercise
	Sunlight, nutrients in the diet
	Diagnosis with co-morbidities
	All of the above

The gerontology clinical nurse specialist is teaching a group of new graduate nurses how the body fights infection. When discussing humoral immunity, the nurse should explain that this protection is mediated by which cell?

	Basophil
	Eosinophil
	The B cell
	The monocyte

Which of the following statements are accurate about the humoral immune response and the cellular immune response? (Select all that apply.)

	The humoral immune response is directly related to B cell surface receptors.
	The cellular immune response is directly related to the T cell surface receptors.
	The humoral immune response is indirectly related to the T cell surface receptors.
	The cellular immune response is indirectly related to the B cell surface receptors.

A nurse is caring for a patient who is deficient in T cells. The nurse would know that T cell deficiency would result in which of the following?

	Hypersensitivity to allergens
	Impaired cellular immunity
	A decrease in the cell lifespan of granulocytes
	A cellular inability to participate in phagocytosis

Which nursing intervention should be attended to first for a client with a Type I hypersensitivity reaction?

	Administering naloxone (Narcan) stat
	Obtaining blood sample for type and cross-match
	Initiating 0.9% NaCl intravenous solution
	Establishing and maintaining a patent airway

Which of the following clinical manifestations of a patient suggests Type IV hypersensitivity reaction?

	Dermatitis from a latex allergy
	Sudden shortness of breath
	The appearance of hives
	Swelling of the lips

Under which of the following classifications of hypersensitivity would systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis be classified?

	Type I hypersensitivity
	Type II hypersensitivity
	Type III hypersensitivity
	Type IV hypersensitivity

Which of the following classifications of drugs are usually prescribed for patients with rheumatoid arthritis?

	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs)
	Glucocorticoids
	Mineralocorticoid
	Answers 1 and 2

Which of the following are unique characteristics associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the older person?

	HIV infection in the older person most likely is underdiagnosed and underreported.
	Healthcare workers often do not take sexual histories of older patients or recommend HIV testing.
	Symptoms of memory loss and weight loss related to HIV often are treated as common age-related health problems.
	Older persons are contacting HIV infection through heterosexual and homosexual activities.

The older person's susceptibility to infections is related to: (Select all that apply.)

	A decline in responsiveness of the immune system to harmful foreign invaders.
	The febrile response that signals infections sometimes being blunted in the older person.
	Medications commonly taken that also decrease the normal fever response.
	The body temperature in older people being approximately 1ºF lower than normal, meaning a rise in temperature can go unnoticed.

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