Home

Chapter 28

NCLEX® Review Questions

NCLEX® Review Questions

This activity contains 10 questions.

	As the population age 85 and older increases dramatically, which of the following consequences are health care implications for both the national and world populations? (Select all that apply.)   Decreased incidence of depression, delirium, and dementia Increased incidence of other chronic disabling conditions Increased numbers of chronically disabled individuals requiring assistance with activities of daily living Increased numbers of frail older adults (who consume many health care resources, maintenance services, and residential placements) Increased numbers of underfunctioning older adults due to inadequate intervention associated with stigma and ignorance

	Which of the major theories of aging suggests that individual older adults have a limited impact on the aging process, as most of the damage to the body has already been done?   Wear-and-tear theory Environmental theory Disengagement theory Nutritional theory

	Which of the major theories of aging suggests that older adults may decelerate the aging process?   Activity theory Disengagement theory Genetic theory Immunology theory

	Which of the following is a guiding principle for the nurse in distinguishing mental disorders from the expected changes associated with aging?   When physical deterioration becomes a significant feature of an elder’s life, the risk of comorbid psychiatric illness rises. The clinical presentation of mental illness in older adults differs from that in other age groups. Older people are believed to be more prone to mental illness than young people. A competent clinician can readily distinguish mental disorders from the expected changes associated with aging.

	A tearful elder client presents at a mental health clinic for an initial evaluation accompanied by her daughter. The nurse has reviewed the health care records from the primary health provider, remarkable for a “history of somatization” and “several episodes of depression.” The client’s daughter informs the nurse that the client has been sleeping more lately and is “always tearful” when awake, reporting that she “has no energy.” The nurse decides to ask several questions before she attempts to complete the lengthy, holistic assessment form. Which of the following questions are essential to address? (Select all that apply.)   “What has it been like for you in the past when you experienced sadness and body complaints?” “What type of health insurance do you have?” “How did this current problem start?” “What other changes have you experienced recently?” “You’ve never had this before, correct?”

	A 75-year-old client presenting with cognitive changes is prescribed citalopram (Celexa). The client’s adult child asks the nurse, “Does this look like depression or dementia to you?” Which of the following is the nurse’s best response?   “Has your parent had episodes of depression in the past?” “We will not know until your parent tries the medication.” “Cognitive changes can be associated with depression, dementia, and other medical, nonpsychiatric conditions. Your parent may respond well to this intervention.” “This medication will help, whether it is depression or dementia.”

	An elder nursing home client, a war veteran and career military man, has alcoholic encephalopathy with short-term memory impairment and diabetes. One month ago, he had bilateral below-the-knee amputations. The client initiated a cutoff from his family 20 years ago. He is angry and irritable around most other residents. Which of the following group activities is he initially most likely to find pleasurable? (Select all that apply.)   Here and Now, during which residents assist each other in reality orientation Time Line, during which residents make collages for each decade of life Music Night, during which a stage band plays requests from the residents Current Events, during which residents discuss world, state, and local news Animal Afternoon, during which residents interact with certified therapy animals

	A family member states, “My mother wants to know the benefits of going to adult day care rather than staying home with me. I could not answer, because I know nothing about adult day care.” Which of the following should the nurse include in her response? (Select all that apply.)   “It could free you up so that you would have more energy to interact with her when she is home with you.” “Some adult day care facilities offer respite services so that your mother could stay overnight once in a while to ease your burden.” “Attending an adult day care would give her something to anticipate each day and would provide a schedule with structure.” “She would have the opportunity to meet other people and engage in activities that you do not do at home.” “If you have a particular adult day care in mind, it might be worth scheduling a visit to see what it is like.”

	A psychiatric nursing home resident says to another nurse, “Most of the other residents are a lot older than I am, and a lot sicker than I am. Is that just what happens when you get older?” Which of the following is the nurse’s best initial response?   “Everybody is here for a different reason.” “Everyone ages a little differently, but there are very few changes to the mind that are associated with age alone.” “Just concentrate on taking good care of yourself.” “They are not that much older than you, and they are not sicker than you.”

	In the shift-to-shift report, a nurse reports a client’s recent behavior change. In the emergency room 36 hours ago, the client was described as “oriented x 4, clear, coherent, and organized.” Currently, the client is agitated and fearful, repeating incessantly, “My brain is being eaten by worms.” A nursing assistant responds, “What do you expect? This client is 95!” Which of the following is the nurse’s best initial response?   “That change has nothing to do with age. When the client changes that dramatically in a short period of time, there is something really wrong with that client.” “If it were just due to age, the client would not have been so clear in the emergency room.” “The client probably has too much sensory stimuli in the hospital room.” “It’s probably an adjustment disorder with depression.”

Copyright © 1995 - 2010 Pearson Education . All rights reserved. Pearson Prentice Hall is an imprint of Pearson . Legal Notice | Privacy Policy | Permissions