After reading this chapter, the student should be able to:
- Explain the role of the urinary system in maintaining fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.
- Compare and contrast the three major classes of diuretics.
- Identify common causes of alkalosis and acidosis and the drugs used to treat these disorders.
- Describe conditions in which therapy with IV fluids may be indicated.
- Explain the pharmacotherapy of sodium and potassium imbalances.
- Compare and contrast colloids and crystalloids used in IV therapy.
- For each of the following classes, identify representative drugs, and explain the mechanisms of drug action, primary actions, and important adverse effects:
- loop diuretics
- thiazide diuretics
- potassium-sparing diuretics
- acidic agents
- basic agents
- electrolytes
- colloids
- crystalloids
- Categorize drugs used in the treatment of urinary system, acid-base, fluid, and electrolyte disorders based on their classifications and mechanisms of action.
