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Chapter 13

Practice Test

Practice Test


This activity contains 30 questions.

	_____________ is the union of a root system (understock, rootstock) with a shoot system (scion) in such a manner that they subsequently grow and develop as whole, unified plant.   Tissue culture Cutting propagation Grafting Compatability

	___________ is a form of grafting that uses a smaller scion piece _ sometimes just a piece of the stem with an axillary bud.   Topworking Scion rooting Callusing Budding

	The ________ is the bud piece which develops into the dominant shoot system of the budded plant.   rootstock interstock cambium scion

	__________, ___________, or ________ is the root system of the budded plant.   Interstock, scion, understock Rootstock, understock, stock Stock, vascular cambium, rootstock Callus, understock, scion

	_________ or _________is the bud piece or stem section between the rootstock and the scion.   Interstem, side graft Interstock, interstem Terminal bud, interstem Stock, interstock

	In commercial grafting terms, the "bark" is composed of tissue from the periderm to the phloem; for most budding systems the _________ must be dividing, which occurs with an active rootstock.   Vascular cambium Wood Xylem Scion

	A________ is a lined-out seedling or clonal rootstock in a nursery field row which is used for budding.   interstem plug liner scion

	The ________ is the secondary xylem which makes up the major mass of the rootstock tissues.   bark wood vascular cambium interstock

	________________ is the process of budding an existing rootstock in the field with new scion material.   Repair graftage Double working Top-Budding (Top-working) Bench working

	_____________ is a form of top-budding (top-working) where a few scaffold branches are retained on an established rootstock for multiple budding of a new scion.   Micrografting Crown grafting Double working Frameworking

	______________ is budding under protected culture to a dormant rootstock on a bench or to containerized rootstock which may be active or dormant.   Piece-root graftage Bench Budding Nurse-root graftage Approach grafting

	_____________ is sometimes referred to as “Fall budding”, which is a misnomer since the budding occurs from mid-July to early September, not in autumn. A 1 year scion/2 year stock is generally produced.   Chip budding June budding Spring budding Summer budding

	_________________is done from May to early June (in the Northern Hemisphere) and produces a smaller budded plant with a 1 year scion/ 1year rootstock.   Spring budding June budding T-budding Flute budding

	________________ is done as soon as new seasonal growth occurs, late March to early May, depending on location. A 1 year scion/2 year stock is generally produced.   Fall budding Patch budding Spring budding June budding

	_______________ refers to buds which are inhibited from growing and elongating via apical dominance of more distal buds in current season wood.   Quiescent (Quiescence) Secondary dormancy Primary dormancy Microbudding

	_______________ refers to buds which are inhibited from growing and elongating until sufficient fall and winter chilling hours are met to overcome an internal physiological requirement.   Differentiation Slipping Crippling Dormancy (Rest)

	___________, ___________, or ____________ are the scion pieces from which buds are collected for budding.   Interstem, Budwood, Scionwood Scionwood, Budsticks, Budwood Budsticks, Interstock, Scionwood Stock, Interstock, Budwood

	_____________ is that time during the season when a budding procedure can successfully be done, i.e. T-budding can only be done when the bark of the rootstock is slipping.   Fall budding Carpal tunnel syndrome "Optimum production window" June budding

	______________ is excessive sap flow that can occur from the rootstock during budding, such as with chestnuts; an inverted T-incision allows better drainage and better healing.   Leaking Bleeding Slipping Stenting

	A ____________ is the person cutting the stock and scion and inserting the scion piece.   Tier Grafter Foreman Helper

	A ________ is the person who is completes the grafting process by tying and sometimes waxing the graft area.   Tier Grafter Foreman Arborist

	______________is when budding procedures are done on a rootstock that is not initially planted. Grafting is typically done on a bench in a protected environment.   Double working Top working Frame working Bench Budding (Bench Working)

	In grafting, it is important that the ________, which is meristematic tissue, be lined-up between the rootstock and scion.   vascular cambium bark secondary xylem phloem

	The _______in grafting is composed of secondary xylem with some pith (in younger woody plants).   bark wood vascular cambium phloem

	__________ are composed of parenchyma cells and is a response to injuring tissue during graft union formation.   Wound periderm Vascular cambium Xylem Phloem

	_______________ is the tissue responsible for the formation of new xylem and phloem in the development of a successful graft union.   Callus Parenchyma Vascular cambium Secondary xylem

	___________or__________ is the bending (constriction) or cutting half-way through the rootstock stem above the bud union; this helps to force out the bud and maintain growth of the budded plant. At a later date the rootstock stem is completely removed.   Crippling, lopping Girdling, crippling Lopping, budding Girdling, grafting

	______________ are sprouts from the rootstock that can crowd out and interfer with the scion, hence, they must be controlled.   Suckers Water sprouts Stolons Rhizomes