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Chapter 7

Practice Test

Practice Test


This activity contains 21 questions.

	A(n) _______is the next sexual generation for a plant. It consists of an embryo, food storage tissue and a protective covering.   Zygote Plumule Seed Hypocotyl

	_____________ is the committed stage of plant development following radicle emergence from the seed coverings that leads to a seedling.   Germination Primary dormancy After-ripening Lag phase

	_____________ as it relates to seed germination, is a measure of the potential for a cell to take up water from its surrounding environment. Changes in the seed's water potential is the driving force behind germination.   Imbibition Water potential Matric potential Osmotic potential

	_______________ is the relative force generated by the radicle during germination. Conceptually, a seed germinates when the radicle force is sufficient to penetrate the seed coverings. This is accomplished by an increase in radicle growth potential and/or weakening of the seed coverings.   Seedling emergence Radicle emergence Matric potential Growth potential

	____________ is the initial stage of water uptake in dry seeds.   After-ripening Phase 3 Water potential Imbibition

	When a seedling emerges from the soil, it may use the hypocotyl hook or the shoot tip (epicotyl) to penetrate the soil. When the hypocotyl hook is first to emerge it is called _________ germination , while when the shoot tip emerges first it is called _________ germination.   Epigeous, hypogeous Epigeous, hypocotyl Hypogeous, epigeous Hypocotyl, epigeous

	The ___________ is a special layer of cells that surrounds the endosperm in monocot seeds. It is responsible for making the enzymes used to degrade storage materials in the endosperm to be used by the embryo for germination.   Scutellum Aleurone Macrosclereid Hilum

	_________ is a measure of the number of seeds that germinate, while ______ is a measure of how fast the seeds germinate.   Percentage, rate Rate, value Resistance, percentage Value, resistance

	______________is a pre-germination treatment that enhances germination. It is a controlled hydration treatment that allows seeds to begin the germination process, but prevents radicle emergence.   Imbibition After-ripening Priming Lag phase

	__________________ are based on a seed's response to available water and temperature. They are useful for determining the time required for germination to occur under variable environmental conditions.   Germination models Germination rates Germination resistance Germination value

	__________ seeds are dry seeds that have the ability to germinate, but are limited by their environment (i.e. temperature and water). In contrast, __________ seeds will not germinate even when the environment is suitable for germination.   Dormant, quiescent Quiescent, dormant Exogenous, dormant Quiescent, endogenous

	_________ is the collective term for the process where various disease organisms cause early seedling death.   Germination inhibitors Secondary dormancy After-ripening Damping-off

	___________ cells in the seed coat are responsible for preventing water uptake in seeds with exogenous, physical dormancy. An older term for these cells was malpighian cells. This was in honor the early 17th Century plant anatomist Marcello Malpighi of Italy.   Thiourea Mucilaginous Strophiole Macrosclereid

	Seeds with _______________ have an embryo that is less than one-quarter of the size of the seed when it is shed from the plant.   Physiological dormancy Morphological dormancy Skotodormancy Exogenous dormancy

	___________________ is mainly controlled by factors within the embryo that must change before the seed can germinate.   Mechanical dormancy Morphological dormancy Endogenous dormancy Physiological dormancy

	_______________ has been used historically to indicate any change that occurs in seeds leading to release from endogenous physiological dormancy. However, it is more appropriately used to describe changes that occur in seeds during dry storage that leads to dormancy release.   Epicotyl dormancy Thermodormancy After-ripening Damping-off

	__________ is a photoreceptor that allows plants to perceive light.   Phytochrome Red light Gibberellin Abscisic acid

	Although uncommon, ________________ are the result of embryos that germinate after partial chilling in seeds with deep physiological dormancy.   Physiological dwarfs Linear embryos Epicotyl dwarfs Morphological dwarfs

	_______________ is one of the original terms to describe combinational dormancy. It was used to describe seeds that took two years to germinate.   Epicotyl dormancy Exogenous dormancy Double dormancy Endogenous dormancy

	_______________ is a type of secondary dormancy that prevents seeds from germinating at high temperature.   Thermodormancy Secondary dormancy Morphological dormancy Exogenous dormancy

	__________________describes a continuum seen in many seeds as they cycle through periods of dormancy and non-dormancy in nature. It is detected as the seeds ability to germinate over a range of temperature.   Conditional dormancy Seed coat dormancy Secondary dormancy Photodormancy

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