1 .		The purpose of a purpose statement in research is to: [Hint]   state goals that the research should accomplish.   make predictions about what the research will reveal.   raise questions to be answered by the research.   provide overall direction to the research.
2 .		The purpose of research questions in research is to: [Hint]   state goals that the research should accomplish.   make predictions about what the research will reveal.   raise questions to be answered by the research.   provide overall direction to the research.
3 .		The purpose of generating hypotheses in research is to: [Hint]   state goals that the research should accomplish.   make predictions about what the research will reveal.   raise questions to be answered by the research.   provide overall direction to the research.
4 .		The purpose of stating research objectives in research is to: [Hint]   state goals that the research should accomplish.   make predictions about what the research will reveal.   raise questions to be answered by the research.   provide overall direction to the research.
5 .		Which of the following qualities does a variable in educational research need to have? Is linked to achievement Is able to be measured Can be explained in educational terms Varies/Can assume other values [Hint]   I and III   II and IV   I and IV   II and III
6 .		variable : construct :: [Hint]   changeable : constant   constant : changeable   abstract : specific   specific : abstract
7 .		Asking students to identify their race/ethnicity on the Scholastic Aptitude Test is an example of: [Hint]   categorical score.   continuous score.   a dependent variable.   an ethical breach.
8 .		Measuring a student's score on the WISC intelligence test is an example of: [Hint]   categorical score.   continuous score.   a dependent variable.   an ethical breach.
9 .		A researcher is interested in the effect of two types of instruction that they call "whole math" and "drill practice" on second-grade mathematics achievement. She assigns Mrs. DeVine's class to "drill practice" and Mr. Lyon's class to "whole math." In this design the independent variable is: [Hint]   type of instruction.   Mrs. DeVine's class vs. Mr. Lyon's class.   mathematics achievement.   "whole math."
10 .		In the study cited in question 9 above, the dependent variable is [Hint]   type of instruction.   Mrs. DeVine's class vs. Mr. Lyon's class.   mathematics achievement.   "whole math."
11 .		An institutional researcher at a liberal arts college is interested in the effects of implementing a new first-year seminar (FYS) course on student retention. Because of staffing and the experimental nature of the course, half of the entering students in Fall 2003 are put into FYS sections. The retention rates of the two groups will be compared in Fall 2004 when they are sophomores. In this study, a control variable of interest might be: [Hint]   the quality of FYS sections.   comparing FYS at a similar college.   grade point average at end of the first year.   entering SAT scores of all first-year students.
12 .		In a quantitative study, what is a confounding variable? [Hint]   a variable that the researcher cannot directly measure   a variable such as discriminatory practices   a variable whose effects cannot be easily separated from other variables   all of the above
13 .		How is a moderating variable different from an intervening variable? [Hint]   A moderating variable is an independent variable.   A moderating variable is statistically removed from the study.   The measurable effect of a moderating variable is of interest to the researcher.   A moderating variable is a intervening variable.
14 .		How is a moderating variable the same as a control variable? [Hint]   They both impact the independent variable.   They both impact the dependent variable.   They both are mediating variables.   They both get statistically eliminated from the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable.
15 .		Suppose researchers found that the amount of money spent on school security had a positive impact on school achievement. They then hypothesize that the reason for this effect is that school security has a direct effect on measures of student anxiety (which are lower in highly safe schools), which in turn has an effect on school achievement. In other words, safe schools create non-anxious students, which produces higher achievement. In this study, the variable of student anxiety is a(n) [Hint]   independent variable.   secondary independent variable.   intervening variable.   moderator variable.
16 .		A researcher finds that high schools that teach Latin and Greek in their curriculum score higher on V-SAT. The researcher concludes that teaching the "classics" is an exercise of the mind that improves verbal skills. What evidence is most likely to undermine this researcher's claim? [Hint]   Students who take Latin and Greek in high school learn more root words—an essential part of doing well in the SAT-Verbal.   Students who take Latin and Greek have more practice taking vocabulary tests.   Students who attend schools that teach Latin and Greek have higher achievement test scores coming in to high school and have a higher per-pupil spending on the academic program.   Latin and Greek would also have a positive effect on the SAT-Math as well.
17 .		Question 16 above best illustrates the dangers of: [Hint]   mediating variables.   moderating variables.   confounding variables.   intervening variables.
18 .		What is a theory in educational research? [Hint]   an explanation about the probable relationship between independent and dependent variables   a hunch or expectation in a study   a cause and effect proposition   the impact of the independent variables on the dependent variables
19 .		In Question 9, the belief that, compared to "drill and practice," "whole math" will not produce different achievement effects, is referred to as: [Hint]   the null hypothesis.   a descriptive question.   a research statement.   affirming the consequent.
20 .		The central component of a qualitative purpose statement is: [Hint]   the intent of the study.   the participants in the study   the central phenomenon.   the research site.