After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
- Describe the anatomy and physiology of the skin and remaining human anatomy as they pertain to thermal burn injuries.
- Describe the epidemiology, including incidence, mortality, morbidity, and risk factors for thermal burn injuries as well as strategies to prevent such injuries.
- Describe the local and systemic complications of a thermal burn injury.
- Identify and describe the depth classifications of burn injuries, including superficial burns, partial-thickness burns, and full-thickness burns.
- Describe and apply the "rule of nines," and the "rule of palms" methods for determining body surface area percentage of a burn injury.
- Identify and describe the severity of a burn including a minor burn, a moderate burn, and a critical burn.
- Describe the effects age and pre-existing conditions have on burn severity and a patient's prognosis.
- Discuss complications of burn injuries caused by trauma, blast injuries, airway compromise, respiratory compromise, and child abuse.
- Describe thermal burn management including considerations for airway and ventilation, circulation, pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures, transport decisions, and psychological support/communication strategies.
- Describe special considerations for a pediatric patient with a burn injury and describe the criteria for determining pediatric burn severity.
- Describe the specific epidemiologies, mechanisms of injury, pathophysiologies, and severity assessments for inhalation, chemical, and electrical burn injuries and for radiation exposure.
- Discuss special considerations that impact the assessment, management, and prognosis of patients with inhalation, chemical, and electrical burn injuries and with exposure to radiation.
- Differentiate between supraglottic and subglottic inhalation burn injuries.
- Describe the special considerations for a chemical burn injury to the eye.
- Given several preprogrammed, simulated thermal, inhalation, electrical, and chemical burn injury and radiation exposure patients, provide the appropriate scene size-up, initial assessment, rapid trauma or focused physical exam and history, detailed exam, and ongoing assessment and provide appropriate patient care and transportation.
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