Multiple Choice

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Chapter 8

Multiple Choice

Multiple Choice

This activity contains 22 questions.

The most common prehospital cause of laryngeal spasm is:

	aspiration of foreign bodies.
	aspiration of blood or vomitus.
	overly aggressive intubation.
	trauma.
	airway edema.

The modified form of respiration that is caused by nasal irritation is the:

	cough.
	sneeze.
	hiccup.
	grunt.
	sigh.

The respiratory pattern that displays with an increasing rate and depth of respirations alternating with decreasing rate and depth is:

	Kussmaul's respirations.
	Cheyne-Stokes respirations.
	Biot's respirations.
	central neurogenic hyperventilation.
	agonal respirations.

Snoring is generally related to:

	laryngeal constriction or edema.
	the tongue blocking the airway.
	narrowing of the bronchioles.
	fluids within the airway.
	foreign bodies in the lower airway.

When using pulse oximetry to guide care, your objective is to achieve an oxygen saturation level of:

	80 to 85 percent.
	85 to 90 percent.
	90 to 95 percent.
	95 to 99 percent.
	no less than 100 percent.

Sellick's maneuver is performed by:

	displacing the thyroid cartilage upward.
	displacing the tongue forward.
	depressing the cricoid cartilage posteriorly.
	squeezing the trachea between the fingers.
	placing pressure on the abdomen to expel air.

The tip of the straight laryngoscope blade is designed to:

	engage the nasopharynx.
	just enter the glottic opening.
	fit into the vallecula.
	fit into arytenoids fossa.
	fit under the epiglottis.

When using the stylet for intubation, the tip of the device:

	should extend 3 mm beyond the end of the endotracheal tube.
	should be even with the end of the endotracheal tube.
	should be recessed at least 2 cm from the tube end.
	is moved in or out during the intubation attempt as needed.
	none of the above

Indications for endotracheal intubation include all of the following EXCEPT:

	respiratory arrest.
	epiglottitis.
	inability to protect the airway.
	obstruction due to foreign object, swelling, or burns.
	pneumothorax with respiratory difficulty.

All of the following are dangers to the patient associated with endotracheal intubation EXCEPT:

	damage to teeth.
	soft-tissue damage to the oropharynx.
	patient hypoxia during intubation attempts.
	endobronchial intubation.
	hyperkalemia.

Which of the following is NOT an indication of esophageal intubation?

	absence of chest rise with ventilation
	condensation on the endotracheal tube
	a falling pulse oximetry reading
	increasing abdominal distention
	increasing resistance to ventilatory effort

Which of the following is NOT true regarding endotracheal intubation?

	The laryngoscope is held in the right hand.
	The laryngoscope is inserted into the right side of the mouth.
	The straight blade lifts the epiglottis.
	The curved blade fits into the vallecula.
	You should advance the ET tube into the glottis, 2 to 3 centimeters beyond the tube cuff.

Which of the following is NOT used to confirm proper endotracheal tube placement?

	visualization of the tube passing through the glottis
	the absence of vocal sounds
	changing color on a end-tidal CO₂ detector
	condensation on the endotracheal tube with exhalation
	the presence of phonation

The transillumination technique for intubation works best:

	in bright daylight.
	on heavy patients.
	with clenched teeth.
	in a dark room.
	all of the above

In attempting digital intubation, the fingers of the rescuer must reach to the:

	epiglottis.
	posterior nares.
	back of the tongue.
	laryngeal opening.
	cricoid cartilage.

The major difference between succinylcholine and vecuronium as paralytics in prehospital care is that vecuronium:

	causes fasciculations.
	has a shorter time to onset.
	has a much longer duration.
	increases intracranial pressure.
	all of the above

Which of the following is NOT an advantage associated with nasotracheal intubation?

	The head and neck may remain in the neutral position.
	The patient cannot bite the endotracheal tube.
	The procedure is less time-consuming than orotracheal intubation.
	The endotracheal tube can be secured more easily.
	The procedure does not stimulate the gag reflex as much as the oral route.

Nasotracheal intubation is contraindicated for a:

	patient with a potential spine injury.
	patient not in arrest or deeply comatose.
	patient with a fractured jaw.
	severely obese patient.
	patient with nasal fractures.

The PtL airway is inserted:

	using the nasal route.
	using the tongue-jaw-lift maneuver.
	with one cuff pre-inflated.
	with the head and neck flexed.
	all of the above

Which of the following is NOT a complication of needle cricothyrotomy?

	barotrauma from overinflation
	excessive bleeding due to improper catheter placement
	hypoventilation from improper equipment
	prevention of passage of a subsequent endotracheal tube
	tracheal compression from hemorrhage or subcutaneous emphysema

Generally, suctioning attempts should be limited to no longer than:

	10 seconds.
	30 seconds.
	45 seconds.
	60 seconds.
	as long as needed to clear the airway.

The percentage of oxygen delivered to the patient when using the demand valve device is about:

	40 percent.
	50 percent.
	75 percent.
	90 percent.
	100 percent.

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