multiple choice questions for Objective 6

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Chapter 9

This activity contains 8 questions.

Ecological validity refers to the

	participants to whom the results generalize.
	instruments used to measure the independent and dependent variables.
	internal validity of a study.
	context to which results generalize.

Dr. Thomas is investigating the effects of 12 types of stress reduction treatments on teachers' levels of stress. He has used a true experimental design, but he is concerned about the contaminating effect one treatment might have on the use of a subsequent treatment. This threat to external validity is known as

	pretest treatment interaction.
	multiple treatment interference.
	selection treatment interaction.
	experimenter effects.

If Dr. Palmer pretests the subjects in his experimental and control groups, he might be concerned with which external validity threat?

	Maturation
	Pretest treatment interaction
	History
	Multiple treatments

The internal validity threat of differential selection of subjects is closely related to which external validity threat?

	Pretest treatment interaction
	Selection treatment interaction
	Diffusion of treatment
	Experimenter effects

Educational policy makers often conclude that an intervention didn't work. Often, however, the intervention was not implemented as intended. The validity of the policymakers' conclusion is threatened by

	lack of specificity of variables.
	selection-treatment interaction.
	treatment diffusion.
	faulty data analysis procedures.

The best solution to minimize the external validity threat of diffusion of treatment is to

	tell the teachers in the experimental and control groups to not discuss their work with one another.
	physically separate the experimental and control groups.
	do not tell the teachers they are participating in an experiment.
	assure the control group teachers they will receive the treatment later.

Which of the following is an active experimenter effect?

	Gender
	Race
	Bias
	Personality

Ms. Kohl's Algebra I class was not chosen to participate in a new computer-based program. Her students were furious that they were not selected, so they set out to show the researchers that they were better anyway! The results of the study would be confounded by the

	Hawthorne effect.
	John Henry effect.
	researcher effect.
	placebo effect.

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