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Applying What You Know

Applying What You Know

This activity contains 7 questions.

To study the effects of music therapy on children's anxiety levels, a study was designed where 30 students received music therapy and 30 received free time play. The researcher found that students who received music therapy had significantly lower levels of anxiety than those who had free play. As a healthy skeptic, you have a few questions about the study before you start assigning students to music therapy. What are some of the questions you would ask to determine if the conclusions based on the results of the study are valid? Why?

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For the experiment described in Question 1, explain two ways in which the researcher might control for prior levels of anxiety.

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Educational research is often criticized for not being "scientifically rigorous." Explain what this means and why educational settings make such research difficult.

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A researcher concludes that there is an interaction of gender and treatment on science achievement in a study comparing two methods of teaching science. Explain what this means. Draw a graph of how the results might be depicted.

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Discuss the relationship between internal and external validity. Identify a situation in which the researcher is more concerned about threats to internal validity than threats to external validity. Identify another situation in which the opposite is true.

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Discuss the importance of experimental research in comparison to non-experimental research. How do these two types of research complement one another?

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The terms manipulation and control are frequently referred to as important characteristics of experimental designs. Many students have difficulty distinguishing between the two, however. How can they be effectively differentiated?

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