

- Describe fundamental concepts underlying a holistic approach to pharmacotherapy.
- Describe the components of the human integration pyramid model.
- Identify psychosocial and spiritual factors that can affect pharmacotherapeutics.
- Explain how ethnicity can affect pharmacotherapeutic outcomes.
- Identify examples of how cultural values and beliefs can influence pharmacotherapeutic outcomes.
- Explain how community and environmental factors can affect healthcare outcomes.
- Convey how genetic polymorphisms can influence
pharmacotherapy.
- Relate the implications of gender to the actions of certain drugs.