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Key Terms Glossary

accommodative stance: A company meets all of its legal and ethical requirements, and in some cases even goes beyond what is required.

business ethics: Ethical or unethical behaviours by a manager or employee of an organization.

cheque kiting: The illegal practice of writing cheques against money that has not yet arrived at the bank on which the cheque has been written, relying on that money arriving before the cheque clears.

collusion: An illegal agreement among companies in an industry to “fix'' prices for their products.

consumerism: A social movement that seeks to protect and expand the rights of consumers in their dealings with businesses.

defensive stance: An organization does only what is legally required and nothing more.

ethical behaviour: Behaviour that conforms to individual beliefs and social norms about what is right and good.

ethics: Individual standards or moral values regarding what is right and wrong or good and bad.

insider trading: The use of confidential information to gain from the purchase or sale of stock.

managerial ethics: Standards of behaviour that guide individual managers in their work.

obstructionist stance: A company does as little as possible to solve social or environmental problems.

organizational stakeholders: Groups, individuals, and organizations that are directly affected by the practices of an organization and that therefore have a stake in its performance.

proactive stance: An organization actively seeks opportunities to be socially responsible.

social audit: A systematic analysis of how a firm is using funds earmarked for social-responsibility goals and how effective these expenditures have been.

social responsibility: A business's collective code of ethical behaviour toward the environment, its customers, its employees, and its investors.

unethical behaviour: Behaviour that individual beliefs and social norms define as wrong and bad.

whistle-blower: An individual who calls attention to an unethical, illegal, and/or socially irresponsible practice on the part of a business or other organization.




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